《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(9): 1735-1741

LED红蓝光连续光照对五种生菜生长、光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

查凌雁, 刘文科^*

中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室, 北京100081

通信作者：刘文科；E-mail: liuwenke@caas.cn

摘　要：

在环境可控的人工光植物工厂内, 以常规光照(光周期12 h/12 h、光强240 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, NL)为对照, 研究了LED红蓝光连续光照(光周期24 h/0 h、光强240 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, CL)对5种水培生菜生长、光合气体交换参数和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明, 与NL处理相比, CL处理15 d后5种生菜的地上部和根系干鲜重及干鲜比均显著增加。除‘紫悦’外4种生菜CL处理的茎粗、叶厚、比叶重、叶面积和叶片叶绿素含量均显著高于NL处理。除‘绿罗’外4种生菜CL处理的净光合速率相比NL显著下降。CL处理下5种生菜的气孔导度, ‘大速生’和‘紫珊’的胞间CO₂浓度以及其余3种生菜的蒸腾速率均显著低于NL处理。CL处理下‘紫珊’的初始荧光(F_o)和最大荧光产量(F_m)以及‘绿罗’生菜的F_m略有降低, 其余品种的F_o和F_m略有升高或无显著差异。CL处理使‘紫珊’生菜的PSII最大光化学效率(F_v/F_m)和PSII潜在光化学效率(F_v/F_o)显著降低, 其余品种略有降低或无显著变化。总之, CL处理15 d能够显著促进生菜生长, 但会导致光合速率的下降及不同程度的光抑制。5种生菜对CL光照适应性存在显著差异, 其中‘绿罗’生菜对CL的适应性最强。

关键词：LED; 连续光照; 光合气体交换参数; 叶绿素荧光; 生菜品种

收稿：2017-05-08   修定：2017-08-01

资助：国家自然科学基金(31672202)和国家高技术研究发展计划(“863” 计划) (2013AA103001)。

Effect of continuous light with red and blue LED lamps on growth and characteristics of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of five lettuce cultivars

ZHA Ling-Yan, LIU Wen-Ke^*

Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China

Corresponding author: LIU Wen-Ke; E-mail: liuwenke@caas.cn

Abstract:

An experiment was conducted in an environmentally-controlled plant factory equipped with red and blue LED lamps to investigate the effects of continuous light (photoperiod 24 h/0 h, light intensity 240 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, CL) on five hydroponic lettuce cultivars compared with normal light (photoperiod 12 h/12 h, light intensity 240 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, NL). The results showed that the fresh and dry weight of five lettuce cultivars were significantly improved under CL treatments compared with NL treatment. CL treatment significantly increased stem diameter, leaf thickness, specific leaf weight, leaf area and chlorophyll content of all lettuce cultivars except ‘Ziyue’ cultivar. The net photosynthetic rate significantly decreased under CL treatment in all cultivars except ‘Lüluo’ cultivar. Stomatal conductance of all cultivars, intercellular CO₂ concentration of ‘Dasusheng’ and ‘Zishan’ cultivars and transpiration rate of other three cultivars were significantly lower under CL. CL slightly decreased the F_o and F_m of ‘Zishan’ cultivar and F_m of ‘Lüluo’ cultivar. While F_o and F_m of other cultivars were slightly increased or not be effected. The F_v/F_m and F_v/F_o of ‘Zishan’ cultivar was significantly decreased by CL. While F_v/F_m and F_v/F_o of other cultivars were slightly decreased or not be effected. In short, CL significantly promoted the growth of lettuce, but reduced the photosynthetic rate and induced photoinhibition at the same time. The adaptability of five cultivars to CL was different, and ‘Lüluo’ cultivar was the most adaptable cultivar among five lettuce cultivars.

Key words: LED; continuous light; photosynthetic gas exchange parameters; chlorophyll fluorescence; lettuce cultivar